75% of the recipients

The success of the process depends on the compatibility of tissues, the patient''s age, and general health. Kidney failure in general is the occurrence of a deficiency in the work of the kidney and its functions which leads to a general imbalance in the human body.

1 - Kidney tissue damage.

2 - Kidney infection with acute and chronic inflammation.

3 - Get used to unwanted food habits in which the food is unbalanced in terms of quantity and quality.

4 - Infecting the body with diseases such as diabetes or blood pressure.

5 - Take some medications without medical advice

Symptoms and signs of the disease

The patient may not feel any symptoms for a long time, but the most important symptoms associated with the disease are:

1 - Feeling of fatigue, physical and mental fatigue

2 - Lack of appetite for food

3 - Difficulty breathing

4 - impotence

5- Itching or frequent urination (especially at night).

6 - Also, the patient may develop anemia or high blood pressure and inflammation in the peripheral nerves (numbness) and as a result of a deficiency of vitamin "D" in his active form, the patient will develop a soft bone.

Stages of kidney failure

The stages of chronic renal insufficiency are five, and are calculated using the patient''s renal filtration rate.

The first stage: impaired kidney function with few symptoms.

Phases II and III: The need for care increases to mitigate and address college dysfunction.

Phases IV and V: The patient usually needs treatment and in the fifth stage, the disease is considered severe, and requires dialysis or kidney transplantation if possible.

Diagnosis

Renal failure is diagnosed from the aforementioned clinical tests, along with some laboratory tests, such as high blood urea and creatinine in the blood.

The doctor needs to diagnose kidney failure and the degree of its severity (by taking a sample from the patient''s kidney for examination) in order to determine whether the patient has reached an advanced stage, and does he need a dialysis process or a kidney transplant or not?

treatment

Treatment for chronic kidney failure includes diet, medication, dialysis, or kidney transplant.

1 - Diet: The most important thing in the diet of a patient with kidney failure is to reduce the amount of proteins (found in eggs and meat) that he eats, and replace them with sugars, starches or fats, as well as reduce the amount of food salt and potassium (found in nuts, bananas, oranges, and grapefruit).

2- Medicines: The patient is given the following medicines

Vitamin D to make up for its deficiency.

Aluminum hydroxide syrup in order to prevent the absorption of high phosphate in patients with renal failure.

Erythrobiotin injection for anemia.

Medicines to lower blood pressure.

3- Dialysis or dialysis: It is the process of purifying the blood from toxic substances by treating it with a dialysing fluid (its composition is similar to plasma synthesis). There are two types of dialysis:

Peritoneal dialysis, which uses the peritoneum (which is located in the abdominal cavity as a cover for the abdominal wall and viscera) as a separation between dialysis fluid and blood. For a few hours (4 - 5 hours) and as a result of the difference in concentration between the dialysis fluid and the blood, the toxic substances are carried into the fluid through the capillaries in the abdominal cavity (in the Burton membrane), and then the fluid is drained out and this process is repeated several times a day taking into consideration Consider that the process should stop during n M patient.

This method is characterized by its ease, low cost, and lack of need for complicated machines. The patient does not need a diet or sleep in the hospital, where training can do the operation himself at home, and one of the most important and serious disadvantages of this method is the possibility of peritonitis for the patient as it needs a degree High sterilization and patient training.

Blood wash (hemodialysis) or haemodialysis This way is done by taking the patient''s blood out of his body and passing it through the dialysis device that purifies it and then is returned to the patient''s body, and the dialysis device contains a thin membrane called the dialyser which separates the blood and dialysis means, also contains On a semipermeable membrane that permits the passage of certain substances from the blood into the dialysis fluid.

The device also contains a pump to pump blood into the washing machine and then return it to the patient. It also contains a trap of bubbles in the blood that can cause serious complications for the patient if they return to the circulation, and it also contains several alarms to alert if an error occurs Not in the dialysis circle.

Among the advantages of this method is its high efficiency in getting rid of accumulated toxins in the body, and its disadvantages are its high cost and the necessity of working in the hospital two to three times per week, each time the patient remains immobile for a period between 4 - 5 hours, and the patient feels physical and sexual weakness , And this method is also the main factor in the transmission of the virus that causes hepatitis (B) B and (C) C in the event that preventive measures are not taken.

4- Kidney transplantation

About 50 - 60 people out of every million people in the world complain of final kidney failure that needs dialysis or a kidney transfusion.

The first attempts at kidney transplantation began since the beginning of the twentieth century, but all were unsuccessful due to the body’s rejection of the transplanted kidney until the medications used to prevent the body from rejecting the transplanted immuno-suppressants were started in the early 1960s, such as Prednisolone, Azathiopurine and Cy