A kidney transplant is needed in people who have end stage renal disease with 90% of their kidneys not functioning adequately removing waste products from the body. Patients are placed on a donor kidney waiting list. Once a suitable donor kidney is found, the patient''s transplant center will contact who is maintaining dialysis until the kidney is available.
You will not need to wait for those who have availability for donors who live from a relative or close family member on the list.
There are two main types of kidney transplant
Kidney transplantation is of two main types - live donation, and deceased donation.
Donate a living
There are two kidneys in the body and each person needs only one kidney to survive. Thus, unlike donating other organs such as the heart and liver, a living donor may donate a kidney. Ideally this should be a close relative where the blood type and tissue types match. Tissue types are determined by a test called a HLA match. This type of donation is known as the gift of life.
The similar blood and tissue type ensures that there are fewer risks for the body rejecting the kidneys. Do you stand for the human leukocyte antigen and the genetic fingerprints are located on the surface of the white blood cells. All people inherit a set of three antigens from their mother and three from their father. A greater number of matching antigens increases the chance that the newly granted kidney will persist for a long time.
The deceased donation or gift taken
Total donation is also possible from donors who have recently passed away. These may not match the recipient in tissue, blood type, and risk of body rejection. The body perceives the new kidney as a foreign body, and escalates an immune attack against it. This can be prevented by using long term immunity suppression drugs.
Upon contacting the patient, they are examined again for new medical problems, and it is advised not to eat or drink anything to prepare for the surgery as soon as possible. For kidney transplant surgery, anesthesia with at least 6 to 8 hours of complete fasting is required. The patient is asked to take both the report and the prescription along with their hospital necessities bag.
Before surgery, a medical team checks the donor kidney if the kidney was taken from a recently deceased donor. If the kidneys are in good and proper condition, the operation needs to be performed immediately, and the chances of success are guaranteed.
The patient is wheeled in the operating theater and general anesthesia is due to progression to him or her until he is unconscious.
Kidney transplant surgery
The most commonly used operative method is the Gibson incision. First a cut is made on the lower abdomen through which the donated kidney is put into practice. Unless there is an indication like infection or cancer of the recipient is leaving the kidneys in place.
Next, the blood vessels from the lower abdomen are attached to the donated kidney as much as the original kidney. This ensures that the donated kidney has the blood supply that it needs to function properly. Finally, the ureter that takes urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder of the donor kidney stage is attached.
This is a complex surgery and may take about three to four hours to complete. After this procedure the skin is attached to sutures or stables leaving a tube to drain blood and fluid collection in the operative area. The patient is wheeled back into the room to recover.
Pain relievers are given to relieve pain. Antibiotics are given intravenously to prevent infection. Immunity-suppressing drugs including erythromycin, azathioprine, phytochemical, tacrolimus, sirolimus or prednisolone are soon started preventing the body rejecting new donated kidneys.
Most patients can leave the hospital in five to seven days. In about 7 out of 10 people who have a kidney transplant, a new kidney starts working immediately after surgery. It may take about 4 to 6 weeks for some to function normally. If this is the case, the patient requires dialysis during this time. Patients needing follow-up for life.
