Menstrual disorders .. Symptoms and causes Menstrual disorders are perhaps one of the most common problems that obstetricians and gynecologists deal with, as there is rarely a woman who has not suffered some degree of menstrual disturbances during her reproductive life. Therefore, it is important for every girl or woman to be aware and understand what we mean by "menstrual disorder" and when it takes a doctor''s intervention. The means of treatment have developed tremendously in recent years, until it became rare for a doctor to resort to surgical treatment, which is a hysterectomy, except in a few cases of advanced organic diseases.
Causes of unrest
I spoke to “Your Health”, Dr. Fatima Nour Wali, a consultant obstetrician, gynecologist and gynecologist, in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of King Abdulaziz National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, and she explained that menstrual disorders can occur due to several reasons, including:
Organic causes such as the presence of fibroids in the uterus or tumors or functional cysts in the ovaries.
Inorganic causes, some of which can be known, but many of which cannot be precisely defined.
Increase in the activity and proliferation of endometrial tissues, some of which may develop into non-benign uterine tumors.
Indeed, the regularity of ovarian functions requires the cooperation of more than one gland, such as the thyroid gland and the pituitary gland. Rather, ovarian functions are affected by other factors such as severe weight gain or loss. And often we see that the psychological state has a tangible effect on the regularity of the cycle, so often severe anxiety is the reason for the failure of the session. Whatever these reasons, it ultimately leads to a disturbance in the regularity of secretion of the ovarian hormones, estrogen and progesterone.
Complications of period disorders
Dr. Fatima Nour Wali says that menstrual disorders may take many forms, as the menstrual cycle may be regular, and despite this, we find that a woman may suffer from uterine bleeding due to an increase in the amount or length of uterine bleeding, or both, and there is no doubt that the suffering will be more severe if it is The menstrual cycle is additionally irregular, and these disorders are not only socially disturbing due to frequent spotting, but have an effect on the general health of the affected woman, as they cause severe anemia, which in turn affects all body functions.
Heavy menstruation is one of the common things among women, and it is known as the loss of a large amount of blood during the menstrual cycle, up to 80 milliliters per month, knowing that the normal rate is 40-50 milliliters per month, or that the days of the menstrual cycle are more than 7 days, and this can be known. By means of sanitary pads if they are changed from 3 to 5 times a day and they are full. Heavy menstruation can be caused by a disease, hormonal imbalance, uterine fibers, endometriosis, or thyroid disorders. The obesity of factors to assist in the abundance of menstruation.
The symptoms of heavy menstruation are heavy bleeding during the menstrual cycle with the appearance of paleness, lethargy and fatigue, and pieces of blood clots may come out during the menstrual cycle with menstrual blood coming out on clothes and bed sheets, and the sanitary pads are changed frequently daily.
treatment
Dr. Fatima confirms that the attending physician is the only one capable of diagnosing and treating such cases, by taking a sample from the endometrium and analyzing it. Treatment may be by prescribing hormonal drugs with iron administration, or surgery, or cauterization, endoscopic or hot balloon. This should be done in discussion with the specialist obstetrician and gynecologist.
The "hormonal IUD" that contains the hormone progesterone is considered a safe treatment, and one of the most recent treatment methods for heavy menstruation - after ensuring the integrity of the uterine lining - as it secretes a small amount of the hormone locally into the uterine cavity. This hormone limits the growth of the uterine wall and reduces its thickness, so a thin layer is formed from the lining of the uterus, which results in a small amount of blood during the menstrual cycle. Therefore, the hormonal IUD is considered a first line of treatment for cases of heavy menstruation when the endometrium is intact.
The hormonal IUD has benefits other than contraception, as it is used in cases of heavy menstruation, and it treats cases of increased uterine lining, and its effectiveness lasts for 5 years.
