Dr. Fatima Nour Wali, a consultant obstetrician and gynecologist at the National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, described menstrual disorders as one of the most common problems that obstetricians and gynecologists deal with, indicating that there is rarely a woman who has not suffered from some degree of menstrual disturbances during her reproductive life as it is important Every girl or woman should be aware and understand what we mean by “menstrual disorder” and when it takes the doctor’s intervention. She indicated that the means of treatment have developed tremendously in recent years until it has become rare for the doctor to resort to surgical treatment, which is hysterectomy except In a few cases advanced organic diseases. On the causes of menstrual disorders, Nour Wali adds that menstrual disorders may occur for many reasons, including organic causes such as the presence of fibroids in the uterus, tumors or functional cysts in the ovaries, or an increase in the activity and proliferation of the uterine lining, some of which may develop into benign uterine tumors, There are inorganic causes, some of which can be known, but many of which cannot be precisely defined. Dr. Noor Wali pointed out that the regularity of ovarian functions requires the cooperation of more than one gland such as the thyroid gland and the pituitary gland, but that ovarian functions are affected by other factors such as the increase or decrease in weight, and sometimes we see the psychological state has a tangible effect on the regularity of the cycle, so often the anxiety Severe reason is the reason for the failure to have a period, that is, if these reasons lead to a disturbance in the regularity of secretion of ovarian hormones, estrogen and progesterone, and about the complications of period disorders, Dr. Nuroli continues: Menstrual disorders may take many forms, the menstrual cycle may be regular, and despite that the woman may suffer From uterine bleeding due to an increase in the amount or duration of uterine bleeding or both, and there is no doubt that the suffering is more severe if the cycle in addition to that is irregular, and these disorders are not only socially disturbing due to the large blood loss, but have an impact on the general health of the woman as it causes anemia Severe, which in turn affects all body functions, and heavy menstruation is common among women and is known to lose a large amount of blood during the menstrual cycle, up to 80 ml per month (a For a normal average of 40-50 ml per month) or that the days of the menstrual cycle are more than 7 days, and this can be known by the sanitary pads if they are changed from 3-5 times a day and are full, then heavy menstruation may be the result of a disease or a defect in the functions of hormones Or the presence of uterine fibers or inflammation in the endometrium or disorders in the thyroid gland and obesity is considered one of the factors that help in heavy menstruation, and the symptoms of heavy menstruation are in heavy bleeding during the menstrual cycle with pallor, lethargy and fatigue, and pieces of blood clots may come out during the menstrual cycle with the exit of menstrual blood Wear clothes and bed sheets, and change sanitary pads frequently daily.

Dr. Nour Wali confirms that the doctor is the only one who is able to diagnose and treat such cases by taking a sample from the endometrium and analyzing it. The treatment may be with hormonal drugs with iron administration, surgery, cauterization, endoscopic or hot balloon, and this must be done in discussion with the specialist obstetrician and gynecologist. The hormonal IUD is considered one of the safest and most recent treatment methods for menstruation - after ensuring the integrity of the endometrium - as it secretes a small amount of the hormone locally inside the uterine cavity and this hormone limits the growth of the uterine wall and

It reduces its thickness and thus a thin layer consists of the endometrium, which results in a small amount of blood during the menstrual cycle, the hormonal IUD contains the hormone progesterone and has benefits other than contraception, as it is used in cases of heavy menstruation and treats cases of increased density of the endometrium and its effectiveness for 5 years.