infertility
Brief summary
It is the inability to conceive after a year or more of marriage.
Aging reduces a woman''s chances of conceiving because of the fewer eggs with age, and the egg''s inefficiency for fertilization.
Various factors can be caused by male infertility, and it is usually evaluated by a semen analysis.
Certain health problems increase the risk of infertility Therefore, couples should not delay in seeing a doctor when they are trying to get pregnant.
Treatment is based on the cause. Either through medication, surgery, intrauterine insemination, or assisted reproductive technology.
infertility
It is the inability to conceive after a year or more of marriage, and because it is known that fertility in women decreases with age, doctors evaluate and treat women aged 35 years and over after 6 months of marriage.
Impaired fertility
It is related to infertility, which is the inability of a woman to become pregnant or to carry a pregnancy to term.
Pregnancy occurs as a result of several steps
One of the ovaries in a woman''s body must release one egg ready for fertilization.
The fusion of a man''s sperm with an egg for fertilization to occur.
The fertilized egg passes through the fallopian tube to reach the uterus.
The germination of the egg inside the uterine lining.
Infertility is caused by a problem with one of these steps.
Causes of infertility in women
Ovulation disorder (production of eggs): On average, a woman’s menstrual cycle occurs every 28 days, and the cycle is regular if it occurs between 24 to 32 days, and if the menstrual cycle is irregular, then often no ovulation occurs, and ovulation can be confirmed by A blood test that measures the level of progesterone on day 21 of her menstrual cycle and ovulation-stimulating hormone on day 3 to 5 of the menstrual cycle, also using a transvaginal ultrasound.
Ovarian cyst: A condition that causes ovulation to not occur or occur irregularly. Some women with ovarian cysts have high testosterone, which causes acne and excessive hair growth, and ovarian cysts are the most common cause.
Functional amenorrhea: caused by strenuous exercise, excessive stress, and extreme stress, sometimes associated with eating disorders (eg, anorexia).
A defect in the function of the pituitary gland: The pituitary gland produces hormones to maintain regular ovulation, and when a defect occurs in it, ovulation is interrupted (such as: an increase in the hormone prolactin).
Blockage of the fallopian tubes: Risk factors for a blockage in the fallopian tubes: previous pelvic infection, previous infection with gonorrhea and chlamydia, or having any abdominal surgery.
Abnormal uterine circumference: It is diagnosed by ultrasound (sonar) through the vagina to detect the presence of fibroids inside the uterus, or any abnormalities in the uterus.
Risk factors for infertility in women
Aging reduces a woman''s chances of conceiving. Because of the decrease in the number of eggs with age, and the low efficiency of the egg for fertilization, and with age, women are more likely to have problems with infertility and miscarriage.
Excessive weight gain, or severe weight loss.
Smoking and drinking alcohol.
Physical and mental stress and extreme stress that cause menopause.
Causes of male infertility
Male infertility can be caused by various factors, and it is usually evaluated by a semen analysis, and a semen analysis is an evaluation of the number, motility and shape of the sperm by a physician.
Varicocele: It is a condition in which the veins on the testicles of a man are large and cause a high temperature in them, and the temperature may affect the number or shape of sperm.
Unhealthy habits: for example: drinking alcohol, smoking, anabolic steroid use, drug abuse.
Cancer treatment: This includes the use of certain types of chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery to remove one or both testicles.
Medical conditions: For example diabetes, cystic fibrosis, certain types of autoimmune disorders, and certain types of infections may cause testicular failure.
Hormonal imbalance: An imbalance in the pituitary gland, which produces hormones that maintain the normal function of the testicle.
Genetic disorders: For example, Klinefelter syndrome and other genetic disorders that may cause the absence of sperm production, or the production of a small number of them.
Risk factors for male infertility
Aging: Although age plays an important role in the occurrence of female infertility, men after the age of 40 are more prone to infertility problems.
Overweight and obesity.
Smoking and drinking alcohol.
Marijuana use.
Exposure to testosterone: This may occur when a doctor prescribes testosterone injections, a topical gel for low testosterone, or when a man illegally takes testosterone or similar medications in order to increase his muscle mass.
exposure to radiation
Repeated exposure of the testicles to high temperatures (such as may occur in men in a wheelchair, or through frequent use of a sauna or hot tub).
Exposure to environmental toxins, including exposure to pesticides, lead, cadmium, or mercury.
How long a couple should try to conceive before seeing a doctor
At least 1 year for women under 35 years of age. As for women who are 35 years old or older, the couple should see a doctor after 6 months of trying without success A woman''s chances of having a baby decrease every year after the age of thirty.
Certain health problems also increase the risk of infertility Therefore, a couple who suffers from the following signs and symptoms should not delay in seeing a doctor when they are trying to conceive:
Absence or irregularity of menstruation.
Severe pain during menstruation.
The occurrence of endometriosis disease.
Previous pelvic infection.
Abortion more than once.
When the husband suspects that there is a reason for infertility (such as: previous trauma to the testicles, or previous hernia surgery).
Diagnosis
The doctor takes the medical, medical, and sexual history of both spouses, and begins his evaluation with a semen test, ovulation tests, and evaluation of the fallopian tubes.
treatment
Infertility is treated based on its cause. Either through medication, surgery, intrauterine insemination, or assisted reproductive technology, and it is done by a doctor.
