Do you know what types it is? Here is the most important information about the types of heart perforations in children.

Heart holes in children are among the problems and defects that some children have since birth, and the holes are in the wall separating the right and left part of the heart.

The problem lies in allowing the holes to mix with blood between the two sides and thus affect the work of the heart. Here are the types of heart holes in children and the most important information about them as follows:

Types of heart perforation in children

The main types of heart perforation in children are

1. Atrial septal defect

The first type of heart defect in children is an atrial septal defect, in which the hole is located in the wall between the right atrium and the left atrium of the heart.

The heart is formed in the fetus in a normal position during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy, and the four chambers of the heart begin to form and the spaces between them are formed.

Naturally, the openings and holes are present in the separation wall, but they quickly close shortly before birth, but if they are not closed, the child is born with a hole in the heart.

2. Ventricular septal defect

The other type of heart hole in children is a ventricular septal defect, which is the hole in the wall separating the right ventricle and the left ventricle of the heart.

The problem also lies in the mixing of blood and the inability of the heart to pump blood properly, so the blood returns back to the lungs instead of to parts of the body, which increases pressure and effort on the heart muscle.

Ventricular septal defects have no known cause and are often caused by inherited genetic problems in the family.

Symptoms of types of heart perforation in children

The most important symptoms associated with a hole in the heart in children can be clarified as follows:

1. Symptoms of atrial septal defect

Some children with atrial heart perforation may not show any symptoms, but depending on the size of the hole and the nature of the child''s body, the following symptoms may appear:

shortness of breath.

slow growth

Recurrent respiratory disease and infection.

general fatigue

Swelling of the extremities or abdomen.

heart palpitations

Apoplexy.

2. Symptoms of ventricular septal defect

Signs and symptoms do not appear in all children due to the difference in the severity of the disease and the size of the hole from one child to another. In advanced cases, the following symptoms may appear:

Malnutrition and slow growth and development.

Sometimes shortness of breath or shortness of breath.

Stress and fatigue quickly.

Pale skin and hepatomegaly.

Treatment of types of heart hole in children

Treatment options for a heart hole in children, depending on its type, include the following:

1. Treatment of atrial septal defect

Treatment depends on several factors, including the child''s age, the presence or absence of symptoms, and the child''s overall health.

Most of the holes often close on their own without the need for treatment, but in severe cases that affect the child''s life, doctors resort to medical intervention through the following:

Medications: Some medications, such as diuretics, help relieve symptoms of shortness of breath and fatigue caused by fluid buildup around the heart or in the body.

Surgery: The doctor may resort to closing the atrial hole through surgery under complete anesthesia.

Use of an instrument to close the hole: Sometimes a certain instrument is used to close the hole and prevent blood from mixing between the atria and is ed through a cardiac catheterization process.

2. Ventricular septal defect treatment

In the case of small holes that do not present serious symptoms and that usually close on their own, treatment is not required.

But in cases of large perforations that pose a risk to the child''s life, treatments may include the following:

Medications: Some medications that help relieve symptoms can be dispensed.

Good nutrition: by feeding the baby milk rich in calories, and sometimes doctors may resort to feeding the baby with a feeding tube that extends from the nose to the stomach.

Surgery: Sometimes the best solution is to close the ventricular hole.

Use of a special instrument: The hole is sometimes closed with a special instrument through a cardiac catheterization process.