disease, and the cooperation of the individual limits its effects

Health sectors in all countries of the world are preparing to celebrate Diabetes Awareness Day, which falls on November 14, 2022.

The health expert, Professor of Public Health, Professor Tawfiq Ahmed Khoja, described diabetes as one of the annoying diseases in the health system in all countries of the world, as it tops the numbers of injuries besides its problems resulting from complications of the disease, explaining that the World Day is an opportunity to devote awareness of the disease and how to prevent it, as The cooperation of the individual in adhering to a healthy lifestyle limits the expansion of the disease and its complications, especially if we realize that the disease is spread in the Arab and Gulf countries at very high rates.

He told the "Doctor", Type 2 diabetes is one of the types of diabetes that leads to a high level of glucose in the blood, and it occurs as a result of resistance in the body''s cells to the hormone insulin or insufficient amount of insulin produced in the pancreas, as a result of several factors, the most important of which is weight gain and lack of exercise. Exercise, and it is also called non-insulin-dependent diabetes and adult diabetes, and in this type of diabetes, the pancreas produces a normal amount of insulin and perhaps also more than usual, but it is not enough for the body or there is resistance by cells to insulin, so it is no longer able to affect And thus the introduction of glucose from her blood, and this leads to the accumulation of glucose in the blood and its high levels.

The second type differs from the first type of diabetes, in which the pancreas stops producing insulin as a result of the body’s immune system destroying the hormone-producing beta cells in the pancreas. But it is not enough for glucose metabolism in the body.

He added that there are many complications that may occur - God forbid - due to diabetes, most notably:

⁃ Nerve damage (neuropathy) As a result of the continuous rise in blood glucose, it leads to damage to the walls of the capillaries that supply the nerve, causing nerve damage, which is called diabetic neuropathy (diabetic neuropathy).

⁃ Kidney damage, when a person develops diabetes and high blood pressure, the patient becomes more susceptible to kidney damage, as renal failure in patients with diabetes is also associated with neuropathy or nerve damage.

⁃ Eye damage (retinopathy), as diabetics can develop vision and eye complications, through retinopathy or cataracts, as a result of high blood glucose and increased pressure in the eyeball, which leads to damage to the optic nerve.

Coronary heart disease, diabetes damages the wall of blood vessels, which causes the accumulation of fat in the walls and damages and narrows the blood vessels. As a result, the blood supply to the heart muscle decreases and blood pressure increases, leading to sudden heart attacks.

Stroke, a complication of type 2 diabetes can also be a stroke that occurs as a result of high blood sugar levels.

High blood pressure, as having type 2 diabetes leads to high blood pressure, which leads to severe eye damage or kidney damage.

Prof. Khoja advises to avoid exposure to acquired diabetes type 2 the need to maintain a normal weight, as belly fat poses a great danger to health, to exercise, as all forms of exercise help prevent the development of diabetes, including walking for 30 minutes a day, following A healthy diet, limiting foods of fat, salt and sugar, and making sure to eat meals rich in fiber, especially fruits and vegetables, avoiding soft drinks because they contain a large amount of sugar, and consuming them means raising blood sugar levels and enhancing insulin resistance.

It is advised to replace soft drinks with drinking water or natural juices, avoid smoking because the chances of developing type 2 diabetes increase in smokers, while stopping it causes the infection to decline by 30 to 50%, blood pressure must be monitored continuously and avoid being high, and it should Avoid stress, stress, stress and work pressure are also factors that lead to high blood sugar levels, and the need to ensure healthy sleep for sufficient hours and avoid staying up late, to avoid negative effects on blood sugar levels.