complications
Enlargement of the heart muscle and its increase in thickness and weight are among the most important complications in patients with high blood pressure and in most cases the inflation is consistent and equal, and in a few cases it is inconsistent and uneven. The organs of the body and thus the lack of filling of the left ventricular cavity with blood during the diastolic phase of the heart muscle, which causes an increase in the pressure of the left ventricular cavity and thus to a diastolic heart failure and the consequent complications.
Also, cardiomyopathy causes a significant increase in the consumption of the amount of oxygen reaching the heart, and thus a decrease in the supply of oxygen to the heart muscle, resulting in stable and unstable heart attacks.
In addition, myocardial enlargement leads to diastolic heart failure and its symptoms begin with an increase in the left ventricular pressure rate and initially to an elevated left atrial pressure with enlargement and expansion of the left atrial lumen, which causes high pressure in the pulmonary veins and pulmonary congestion as a result of fluid accumulation in the tissues of the lungs and alveoli and this Causes a lack of oxidation of blood reaching the lungs through the lung, which leads to narrowing of the lumen of the main and secondary pulmonary arteries, and thus to high pulmonary artery pressure, which results in hypertrophy of the right ventricular muscle in the beginning with its expansion and failure at last, and also a high rate of pulmonary artery pressure leading to The high rate of right atrial pressure with enlargement and expansion of the right atrium cavity and thus to the high rate of central venous pressure and this causes backflow of fluids and swelling in the feet, extremities, and abdominal cavity or proton infiltration and also fluid backflow within the pericardial membrane surrounding the heart or the crystalline membrane surrounding the lungs and also that causes congestion And enlargement of the liver with an increase in liver enzymes and congestion with swelling in the wall of the small intestine, as well as an enlarged heart muscle is one of the most important factors. Section of atrial fibrillation and the resulting complications such as the formation of a thrombus or blood clot in the lumen of the left atrium, which leads to clots in the brain and limbs, and in advanced cases of hypertrophy, expansion and failure of the left ventricle or the main heart muscle occurs, resulting in systolic heart failure and a failure in the efficiency and performance of the ventricular muscle The left and then ischemia of all body organs, including the vital organs of the body such as the brain, kidneys, limbs and liver.
One of the most important causes of cardiomyopathy is high pressure, and there are other causes such as calcification and mitral valve stenosis, and also one of the causes is congenital stenosis in the descending thoracic aorta, in addition to genetic factors from a defect in some genes that lead to enlargement of the heart muscle and also muscle hypertrophy that may be present when doing violent sports Running and swimming, for example, in addition to it may be present in some elderly people.
Symptoms of enlarged heart muscle include feeling short of breath when exerting effort or rest in advanced cases, frequent bottlenecks with suppression of the chest during sleep, the need to use more than one pillow during sleep, chest pain, palpitations, and in some cases, abdominal pain accompanied by loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, and swollen feet. And for parties.
Inflation is diagnosed by echocardiogram, heart MRI or chest CT scan.
And its treatment is by treating its causes, such as treating high blood pressure with medical drugs, with diuretics given in the event of congestion in the lungs or swelling of the feet and limbs, and change of coronary heart valves by cardiac catheterization or by an open-heart operation.
Cardiology consultant at King Fahd General Hospital, Jeddah
