Endoscopic surgery allows the surgeon to access the internal cavities in the body through small incisions, by ing the endoscope (a miniature telescope attached to a small video camera) into the cavity that the doctor intends to operate: the abdominal cavity, rib cage, And for other cavities in the body. Through other cracks, special surgical instruments are ed that help to split and separate tissues, connect and connect the blood vessels and suture the tissue as well, and all surgery is done while the surgeon watches the TV that displays the body parts of the disease rather than staring at the patient himself. The surgeon is compensated for his hand feeling the texture of the tissue by the high quality of the images taken by the camera and the enlargement of the tissues and the good lighting that the endoscope contributes to. In most surgeries, a complete anesthesia is required.
Laparoscopy is called Laparoscopy.
Thoracoscopic surgery is called thoracoscopy.
It is also possible to perform endoscopic surgery in the brain, sinuses, pharynx, pelvis, urinary and genital tracts and joints.
Surgery by laparoscopy has several advantages over open surgery
The body was harmed as a result of laparoscopic surgery significantly less than when the surgery is open. The pain is limited, and most patients who have had surgery by endoscope can return to their homes a few days after the surgery, and return to fully practice their daily activities after two weeks. The patient can move shortly after surgery and thus avoid exposure to pulmonary and cardiac complications. Likewise, complications associated with the surgical incision, such as infection or hernia, are rare for those who performed surgery by theorizing due to the small incision in this surgery due to the incision of the open surgery.
The most common surgery performed by laparoscopic surgery in the world of surgery is cholecystectomy. This surgery is the most common abdominal surgery, and in the Western world this technique has been used nearly 90% in such cases in the place of open surgery. The quality of this surgery is not always appropriate for other conditions, due to reasons related to the patient''s safety during the surgery, due to technical limitations and according to its suitability for the type of disease.
In addition to this surgery, there are many surgeries that are performed by this technique, and these surgeries can be classified into 3 groups:
The most common and known surgeries done in most hospitals. The most common surgery is cholecystectomy. It is also possible to perform surgeries to reduce the sweat of the palms of the hands, and to remove the appendix, and that tests are performed by endoscopy in order to obtain a biopsy of the abdominal or chest cavity.
More complicated surgeries, which are performed in centers specializing in such surgeries. In the field of abdominal surgeries, stomach surgery can be performed in order to prevent reflux of the acidic juices of the esophagus (reflux), splenectomy surgeries, adrenal gland, and kidney (including excretion of the kidney for transplantation) In another patient), excision of small or large intestine sections and surgeries of all types of hernia (Hernia). In the field of hernia surgeries, this modern technique (theorizing) has an advantage, especially with regard to the ability to return to practicing daily activities almost immediately, as it is especially effective in treating cases of recurrent hernia or double hernia.
3. Surgeries that are still in the research stage and that are carried out through the framework of evaluation and development of these modern surgeries, which are carried out in major research centers. In some centers, additional experimental surgery is performed. The surgeries that are currently in the process of modernization include major vascular surgery, open-heart surgery by laparoscopic, fetal surgeries during pregnancy in order to treat birth defects before the birth of the fetus, and surgeries by remote control, that is, it is possible for the surgeon to perform surgery while in a remote location By controlling the robotic system, he performs the surgery in his stead.
