cause
Prof. Suleiman bin Saleh Al-Najashi, Head of the Fertility and Infertility Treatment Unit at Al-Yamamah Hospital in Riyadh, states that there are unknown reasons for repeated miscarriage so far, which remains undiagnosed and diagnosed, but Dr. Al-Najashi listed (for Riyadh) methods of diagnosis, treatment, causes of miscarriage and other matters that pertain to this Aspect in this next encounter: abortion
When does recurrent miscarriage occur?
Abortion is repeated if it occurs three times in a row and more than the pregnant woman, and repeated abortion occurs by approximately 1% in the pregnant woman, and there is often one or more reasons repeated each time for this type of abortion. Unfortunately, the rate of abortion increases in every pregnancy After each time a new miscarriage occurs.
What are the types of recurrent miscarriages?
There are two types of repeated miscarriages, the first type is called primary miscarriage and this type of miscarriage occurs in a pregnant woman at the beginning of her life so that every time a pregnancy occurs the miscarriage occurs and on this she does not have children and this type of repeated miscarriage is the most common in women It is responsible for about 70% of all miscarriages.
The second type is called bilateral miscarriage, and this type of miscarriage occurs in a woman who has children before, and this type of miscarriage is less frequent than the first type, where the rate of repeated miscarriages of this type approx 30% of all miscarriages and the chance of continuing pregnancy after this type Of miscarriages better than after the first type.
Abortion may occur during the first three months of pregnancy or after the first three months have passed, and there are approximately 80% of all abortions occurring during the first three months.
What are the causes of miscarriage?
They are many and many of them are what are known, some of which are not known, and some that happen only once and some of them are repeated several times, and sometimes there are more than one reason, and among these reasons are the following:
First: Viral and bacterial infections, and this type of cause often occurs once, but for many types, it may be a reason for miscarriage for several times, where the reason for each time is a different type from the previous time.
Second: The presence of a congenital defect in the composition of chromosomes or genes in one or both spouses. This type of cause is responsible for approximately 5% of repeated miscarriages and often causes early miscarriages.
Third: The third reason is endocrine disorders, which include the pituitary, thyroid, diabetes and poor ovaries, especially cystic cases, and these disorders in the glands are responsible for approximately 15 percent of the causes of repeated miscarriages.
Fourth: the presence of birth defects in the formation of the cervix or the uterine cavity. These distortions may be the result of complications from previous operations performed on the cervix or inside the uterus, such as curettage or cervical enlargement. This type of cause is responsible for approximately 20 percent of repeated miscarriages and often These abortions are of late type, that is, after the first months of pregnancy have passed.
Fifth: the presence of an immune defect between the mother and the fetus, and there are two types of this defect, the first type is the presence of a deficiency in the immunity of the mother so that the presence of the fetus inside the womb is considered a foreign matter to the mother’s body, so the rejection of the fetus and then the abortion occurs, and the second type of this defect In immunity, it is the presence of some abnormal antibodies in the mother’s blood. These antibodies cause the death of the fetus and then the miscarriage. This type of cause is responsible for approximately 10% of repeated miscarriages.
Sixth: There are unknown reasons so far, and unfortunately this group of causes is responsible for no less than 40% of the causes of repeated miscarriage, and since these reasons are unknown, its diagnosis and treatment remain unknown as well.
What methods of diagnosis and treatment of these cases?
Diagnostic methods are many and costly. As for the methods of treatment, these depend on the type of cause if the diagnosis is made. As for the diagnosis of bacterial infections, a sample is taken for transplantation from vaginal secretions and treatment is given by giving one of the appropriate antibiotics for each type of these bacteria that is diagnosed. As for the diagnosis of viral infections, it is done. By examining the mother’s blood for antibodies to each virus, unfortunately there is no cure for these viral infections.
As for the way to diagnose the defect in the composition of chromosomes or genes in the spouses, this is done by examining the blood for each of them, but there is no treatment if there is such a defect, and in the case of such a defect, the treating physician must discuss the issue with the spouses and give them an accurate rate of the extent of the abortion Deaths or congenital malformations, as well as the possibility of having healthy children, and this percentage depends on the quality of the existing defect and whether this defect exists in one or both spouses.
As for the diagnosis of disorders in any of the endocrine glands or ovaries, this is done by measuring the specialized hormones for each of these glands in the woman''s blood and treatment is carried out based on the diagnosis of the defect in each gland.
As for the diagnosis of congenital anomalies in the cervix and uterine cavity, this is done through the use of color rays and uterine endoscopy. These distortions are treated if they are found with surgery.
The immune deficiency is diagnosed between the mother and the fetus by measuring the antibodies in the mother’s blood for all types of immunity known to affect pregnancy and measuring the bodies between if there is a lack of immunity or that there are abnormal bodies affecting the fetus, and there are a number of methods available to treat this defect Whether this imbalance is a lack of immunity or the presence of abnormal antibodies.
As for the largest group of causes for miscarriage, which is, as mentioned before, unknown reasons, and at the same time responsible for no less than 40% of the causes of miscarriage, the diagnosis of these causes is made when there is no other reason for miscarriage, and since there is difficulty in diagnosing these The group of causes is also difficult to treat, and accordingly the patient is given a number of preventive medications only.
