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The autonomic nervous system is one of the most important systems in the body that regulates and controls many of its functions. Follow the following article to learn about it.

The Autonomic Nervous System is one of the components of the nervous system in the body that helps regulate physiological functions. Follow the following article to learn more about it:

Autonomic nervous system

The autonomic nervous system is called by this name because it works without any effort on the part of the person, and there is no need for any stimulus to work.

The autonomic nervous system contains two neurons, one of which is in the brain or spinal cord, which connects through a group of fibers with a nerve ganglion, from which another group of fibers reaches the internal organs.

Types of autonomic nervous system

The autonomic nervous system is divided into two main types, which are as follows

1. Sympathetic Nervous System

This device works to prepare the body for emergency situations, and it is usually expressed by fighting or fleeing. Therefore, stimulating this device causes the following:

Increased heart rate and intensity.

Expanding the bronchi to increase breathing.

Increase muscle strength in the body.

Mydriasis.

Increased sweating rate in the body.

Reducing the rate of digestion and urination.

2. Parasympathetic Nervous System

This device controls the vital processes in the body during the rest period, as its stimulation leads to the following:

Reducing heart rate.

Reducing blood pressure.

Stimulating the digestive system to digest food and get rid of waste.

Using energy to regenerate and build tissues.

Autonomic nervous system function

The function of the autonomic nervous system is to control vital functions in the body, such as the following:

blood pressure.

heart rate

Body temperature.

digestion.

Metabolism.

Balance of water and electrolytes in the body, such as sodium and potassium.

Peeing.

defecation.

sexual response.

These processes are controlled by the types of the autonomic nervous system, sympathetic and parasympathetic. It is important to know that the same organ responds in more than one way. For example, the sympathetic nervous system increases blood pressure, while the parasympathetic nervous system decreases it, and that depends on different situations.

Factors affecting the functioning of the autonomic nervous system

Factors that can affect the way the autonomic nervous system works include

1. Aspects of everyday situations

Some daily situations that increase stress on a person cause stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system for long periods of time, which causes damage to the body over time. These include the following:

Work fatigue.

financial pressures.

family pressures.

2. Taking some types of medication

Some types of medications may affect the way the nervous system works, such as the following:

caffeine.

Phenylephrine.

Clonidine.

Disorders related to the autonomic nervous system

A defect in the autonomic nervous system may cause many disorders, including the following

Acute autonomic paralysis.

Riley-Day syndrome.

Idiopathic orthostatic hypotension.

Multiple system atrophy.

Postprandial hypotension..

1. Factors that increase the risk of autonomic nervous system disorders

Most of the time, these disorders occur without any cause, and they can also occur as a result of some risk factors as follows:

getting old.

Drinking alcohol or using drugs.

Immune system problems.

Parkinson''s disease.

Spinal cord disorders.

Shock.

diabetic.

viral infection

2. Symptoms associated with autonomic nervous system disorders

Most of the time, a group of symptoms appear on people who suffer from disorders of the autonomic nervous system, such as the following:

Difficulty emptying the bladder.

Constant pain.

vertigo.

Impotence.

general fatigue

severe anxiety or depression

incontinence.

arrhythmia.

Dry eyes and mouth.

Nausea and vomiting.

constipation.