The immune system directs its defenses to the human body by mistake in autoimmune disease .. The immune system fights cells instead of microbes in the alopecia..And it attacks the insulin-making cells of the pancreas causing diabetes
Is it possible for the body to become insane, instead of attacking its enemies from harmful bacteria and viruses, miscalculations and attacking itself or its healthy cells?
According to the "Health line" website, autoimmune disease is a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body.
The immune system usually protects germs, such as bacteria and viruses, when it senses the presence of these invaders it sends an army of cells to attack these bacteria and expel them from the body.
The immune system can tell the difference between foreign cells and healthy cells, but if you become infected with autoimmune disease, the immune system errs in a part of your body, such as joints or the skin, as a stranger, and it releases proteins called antibodies that attack healthy cells.
Some autoimmune diseases target only one organ, type 1 diabetes destroys the pancreas, while other diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, affect the entire body
According to Medline Plus, no one yet knows what causes autoimmune diseases, but there are risk factors that increase the risk of infection such as genetics or gender, since women - especially African American, Latin American, and American women - are more Vulnerable to some autoimmune diseases, as well as some events or exposure to pollutants in the environment may cause or worsen some autoimmune diseases, as sunlight and chemicals are associated with many autoimmune diseases.
There are more than 80 types of autoimmune diseases, some of which have similar symptoms, and this makes it difficult for your healthcare provider to know if you really have one of these diseases.
Often times, the first symptoms of autoimmune diseases are fatigue, muscle pain, high temperatures, inflammation, which can cause redness, heat, pain, and swelling.
The most prominent cases or diseases in which the body attacks itself
1- Alopecia areata: According to "womenshealth", the immune system attacks the hair follicles (the roots from which the hair grows), and this disease usually does not threaten health, but it can greatly affect the person''s shape.
The main symptoms of this disease include unlimited hair loss on the scalp, face, or any other areas of the body.
2- Type 1 diabetes: It is a disease in which the immune system attacks the cells that make insulin, which is a hormone necessary to control blood sugar levels, and as a result, your body cannot make insulin.
Without insulin, too much sugar remains in your blood, high blood sugar can harm the eyes, kidneys, nerves, gums, and teeth, but the most serious problem caused by diabetes is heart disease.
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes include: feeling very thirsty, frequent urination, feeling very hungry or tired, losing weight without trying, slow wound healing, dry skin and itching, loss of feeling in your feet or tingling in your feet, and blurring of vision.
3- Autoimmune hepatitis: the immune system attacks the liver cells, this can lead to scarring and stiffness of the liver, and may even cause liver failure.
Symptoms of autoimmune hepatitis include: fatigue, malaise, fatigue, enlarged liver, yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, itchy skin, joint pain, stomach pain.
4- Celiac disease or digestive disorders: It is a disease in which a person cannot tolerate gluten, which is a substance found in wheat and barley as well as some medications. When people with silic disease eat foods or use products that contain gluten, the immune system responds by damaging the lining of the small intestine .
Symptoms of this disease include flatulence and pain, diarrhea or constipation, weight loss or excess, fatigue, delayed menstruation, itching and rashes, and sterility or miscarriage.
5- Graves'' disease (hyperthyroidism): the thyroid gland attacks itself and makes a lot of thyroid hormone, causing symptoms such as: insomnia, irritability, weight loss, sensitivity to heat, sweating, hair weakness, muscle weakness, mild menstrual periods, and flatulence .
6- Hemolytic anemia: the immune system destroys red blood cells, however, the body cannot make new red blood cells fast enough to meet the needs of the body, and as a result, the body does not get the oxygen it needs to function well, and your heart must work hard Greater oxygen-rich blood transfusion throughout the body.
Symptoms of degenerative anemia include fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness, headache, cold hands or feet, paleness, yellowing of the skin or eyes, and heart problems, including heart failure.
7- Inflammatory myopathy: a disorder that causes muscle inflammation and weakness begins gradually in the muscles closest to the body’s stem, and affects the muscles involved in making movement on both sides of the body, with dermatitis, a rash occurs before or at the same time muscle weakness.
Symptoms include: fatigue after walking or standing, falling, difficulty swallowing or breathing.
8- Rheumatoid arthritis: it is a disease in which the immune system attacks the lining of the joints throughout the body, and causes a group of symptoms, including: joint pain, swelling and deformation, decreased motor function, fatigue, fever, weight loss, eye inflammation, lung disease, lumps of tissue under The skin, often the elbows.
9- Vitiligo: the immune system destroys the cells that give your skin the color, it can also affect the tissues inside your mouth and nose, and causes white spots on the areas exposed to the sun or on the armpits, genitals, and rectum, and its symptoms include hair turning gray early, color loss inside your mouth.
Systemic lupus erythematosus: a disease that can damage joints, skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, and other parts of the body. It is also called red lupus, and its symptoms include: fever, weight loss, hair loss, mouth ulcers, fatigue, "rash" butterfly across the nose and cheeks, rash on other parts of the body, joint pain and swelling, sensitivity to the sun, chest pain, headache, dizziness, Memory problems, or behavior change.
11- Psoriasis: a disease in which the immune system attacks itself and causes new skin cells that grow deeply in your skin to rise very quickly and accumulate on the surface of the skin, causing red spots that usually appear on the head, elbows, knees, itching and pain, which can make it difficult to sleep and walk.
12- Multiple Sclerosis (MS): It is a disease in which the immune system attacks the protective layer surrounding the nerves, and damage affects the brain and spinal cord. Multiple sclerosis causes several symptoms such as: weakness and difficulty in coordination, balance, speaking, walking, paralysis, tremors, feeling of numbness and tingling in the arms and legs Hands and feet.
