Infectious diseases may cause serious complications, so individuals must prevent and avoid infection with these diseases, so what is the way to prevent infectious diseases?
Infectious diseases are pathological conditions that result from infection with bacteria, as these small organisms can be transmitted to humans in several different ways, and these germs can cause a wide range of diseases that vary in severity from mild to severe or life-threatening.
It is necessary to know the methods of protection and prevention. Here is the most important information on how to prevent infectious diseases.
Prevention of infectious diseases
There is a wide variety of germs, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi, that can live both inside and outside the human body.
Where these germs can be beneficial Such as beneficial bacteria in the digestive system that facilitate digestion, or it may be harmful and lead to dangerous diseases, such as AIDS or meningitis.
In fact, the incidence of bacterial infection, whether by a beneficial or harmful germ, depends on many factors, the most important of which is the health and safety of the immune system in individuals, in addition to the presence of other risk factors.
In general, following the basic principles of protection contributes to avoiding infection and preventing the risk of contracting these diseases to a relatively large extent, as there are many ways to prevent these diseases.
Here are some examples of ways to prevent infectious diseases
Vaccination is one of the most important means of immunization against many germs, which reduces the chances of an individual contracting many diseases by a large percentage, so care must be taken to receive the latest recommended vaccinations for all individuals.
Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water, before or after performing the following tasks: before preparing or eating food, after using the restroom, after coughing, sneezing, and blowing one''s nose, after visiting or caring for a sick person, after feeding or petting pets, or after performing any dirty tasks.
Covering the nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing with a tissue, or with the elbow of the hand if the tissue is not available.
Avoid direct contact with any tissue paper or tissue of unknown origin.
Washing, sterilizing and dressing wounds. Serious wounds should be examined by a doctor, especially if they were caused by an animal bite or insect bite.
Avoid sharing utensils and eating equipment with an infected person.
Avoid direct contact or sharing personal items with an infected person, such as a toothbrush, razor, or comb.
Avoid drinking or swimming in contaminated water.
Avoid eating and drinking beverages brought by an infected person.
Ventilate the house well.
Periodically sterilizing surfaces, tables and shelves.
An individual can prevent infection caused by foodborne germs, by following the principles of safe food preparation, such as washing hands thoroughly before and after handling raw meat, washing all kinds of meat, fish, vegetables, and fruits in running water before cooking or eating them, cooking foods thoroughly, especially meat.
Proper sex, by following the methods of prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.
A person infected with an infectious disease must stay at home until the doctor decides otherwise.
When planning to travel to a country, the individual must first investigate the epidemiological situation, and it may be necessary to take the necessary vaccinations, before going to countries where certain types of epidemics are prevalent. Such as viral hepatitis A or B, yellow fever, typhoid or cholera.
Drinking boiled or bottled water and following food precautionary methods as mentioned above when traveling to places affected by some diseases that are transmitted through contaminated food and drink, such as cholera, amoeba or malaria.
While traveling to endemic areas, avoid going out during times when mosquitoes and flies are most active.
ways of transmission
After familiarizing you with the methods of preventing infectious diseases, it is necessary to mention the methods of transmission of infection, to help you understand how to avoid infection with these diseases, as the infection can be transmitted to humans through:
Direct contact, kissing, sneezing or coughing of an infected person towards a healthy person.
Infection through the blood.
From the mother to her fetus during pregnancy, at birth or during lactation.
sexual intercourse.
Eating food and drinking contaminated water.
Touching surfaces contaminated with dangerous germs.
A healthy person is bitten or scratched by an infected animal.
Insect bites that carry the infection.
Risk factors that increase the risk of infectious diseases
All individuals are susceptible to infectious diseases, but there are those who are more susceptible to these diseases, we mention the following among them:
People who have not received the necessary vaccinations.
People with immune system disorders.
workers in the health sector.
People with some types of cancer.
People with AIDS and HIV.
Use of immunosuppressive drugs, such as cortisone, chemotherapy, and drugs used after organ transplants.
People who have medical devices implanted inside the body.
Travelers to endemic countries.
